Which option represents NOT typically considered a cyber threat actor?

• A. Advanced Persistent Threats
• B. Cyber Criminals
• C. Network Switches
• D. Hacktivists

Answer: (C)

Threat actors are the entities that carry out or enable cyber attacks—groups or individuals with intent and the capability to perform harmful actions in cyberspace. A network switch, by contrast, is hardware infrastructure, not an agent with purpose or goals. While such a device can be targeted or manipulated to facilitate an attack, it does not act on its own.

Advanced Persistent Threats are sophisticated groups that infiltrate networks and stay hidden for extended periods. Cyber criminals are organized players seeking financial gain. Hacktivists are actors motivated by political or social causes. These are all examples of threat actors because they have intent and the means to carry out actions. The network switch option describes a device, not a capable attacker, so it’s not considered a threat actor.